{"id":4466,"date":"2021-10-30T12:23:23","date_gmt":"2021-10-30T09:23:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/skaryna.eu\/blog\/2021\/10\/30\/pastovys\/"},"modified":"2021-11-15T02:12:56","modified_gmt":"2021-11-14T23:12:56","slug":"pastovys","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/skaryna.eu\/lt\/blog\/2021\/10\/30\/pastovys\/","title":{"rendered":"Pastovys"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;60px&#8221;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]<\/p>\r\n<h6><span style=\"color: #c17126;\"><strong>Vieta:<\/strong><\/span>\u201eStepono Batoro traktu. Pastovys ant kult\u016br\u0173 ribos\u201c \u2013 taip savo knyg\u0105 apie miesto istorij\u0105 pavadino kra\u0161totyrininkas Josif Zem\u010denok. I\u0161 ties\u0173, miesto pl\u0117trai didel\u0117s \u012ftakos tur\u0117jo jo vieta sausumos kelyje i\u0161 Vilniaus \u012f Polock\u0105, kuris buvo strategi\u0161kai svarbus karaliaus Stepono Batoro kariniams \u017eygiams. Karini\u0173 operacij\u0173 apra\u0161ymas taip pat leid\u017eia mums \u012f\u017evelgti, kaip \u017emon\u0117s ir prek\u0117s jud\u0117jo XVI am\u017eiuje. 1581 m. vengr\u0173 p\u0117stininkai pajud\u0117jo i\u0161 Vilniaus \u012f Pastov\u012f, o paskui valtimi su pab\u016bklais per Medilos ir Disenkos upes pasiek\u0117 Dysn\u0105. Parakui ir atsargoms pristatyti buvo naudojamas alternatyvus mar\u0161rutas i\u0161 Kauno per Vilijos up\u0119 (N\u0117ris) \u012f Mikaili\u0161kes, i\u0161 ten sausumos keliu \u012f Pastov\u012f, o paskui iki Dysnos.<\/h6>\r\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]\n            \n            \n            \n            <a name='map124'><\/a>\n            \n            \n            \n            \n            <div class=\"wpgmza_map \"  id=\"wpgmza_map_124\" style=\"display:block; overflow:auto; width:100%; height:500px; float:left;\" data-settings='{\"id\":\"124\",\"map_title\":\"LT - Part Polotsk \\u2013 Vilnius - 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Map \\u00bb\",\"shortcodeAttributes\":{\"id\":\"124\"}}}' data-map-id='124' data-shortcode-attributes='{\"id\":\"124\"}'> <\/div>\r\n<p>\u00a0[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;60px&#8221;][vc_separator color=&#8221;custom&#8221; accent_color=&#8221;#c17126&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1635164806645{padding-top: 20px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\r\n<p><em>Pastovys Skorinos laikais<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p>Pirm\u0105kart Pastovys minimas 1516 metais, kai Jurijus Ivanovi\u010dius Zenovi\u010dius, \u0117j\u0119s svarbias valstybines pareigas (dvaro mar\u0161alka nuo 1515 m.) ir aktyviai dalyvav\u0119s politiniame gyvenime valdant did\u017eiajam kunigaik\u0161\u010diui Aleksandrui, be kita ko, jis buvo delegacijos, pasi\u0173stos \u012f Maskv\u0105 pir\u0161tis kunigaik\u0161tytei Elenai, narys, pastat\u0117 \u010dia medin\u0119 parapijos \u0161ventykl\u0105. Tuomet Pastovys buvo privatus miestelis Vilniaus vaivadijos A\u0161menos paviete. 1522 metais Pastovio \u017eem\u0117s buvo padalintos keturiems Jurijaus Zenovi\u010diaus s\u016bnums: Mikolajui, Michailui, Jurijui ir Jonui, kuri\u0173 kiekvienas pastat\u0117 Pastovyje savo dvar\u0105. Visi s\u016bn\u016bs prisid\u0117jo ir prie ba\u017eny\u010dios finansavimo.<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p><em>Pastovys nuo XVII a. iki m\u016bs\u0173 dien\u0173<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p>Ypating\u0105 svarb\u0105 prekybinis miestelis \u012fgijo XVIII am\u017eiaus antroje pus\u0117je, kai per\u0117jo \u012ftakingos vokie\u010di\u0173 \u0161eimos Tyzenhauz\u0173 nuosavyb\u0117n.<\/p>\r\n<p>Grafas Antanas Tyzenhauzas gavo Pastov\u012f kaip \u017emonos krait\u012f. Jis buvo viena ry\u0161kiausi\u0173 fig\u016br\u0173 Abiej\u0173 Taut\u0173 Respublikoje paskutiniu \u0161ios valstyb\u0117s gyvavimo laikotarpiu. Kaip r\u016bm\u0173 i\u017edininkas, jis buvo daugelio ekonomini\u0173 reform\u0173 ir technologini\u0173 naujovi\u0173, kurios tur\u0117jo padidinti karali\u0161k\u0105sias pajamas, iniciatorius. Pagrindine i\u017edininko buveine tapo Gardinas, kur buvo \u012fkurta daugyb\u0117 manufakt\u016br\u0173, fabrik\u0173, mokykl\u0173, mokslo ir kult\u016bros \u012fstaig\u0173. Pana\u0161ias reformas, nors ir ma\u017eesniu mastu, Antanas Tyzenhauzas \u012fgyvendino ir Pastovyje, kur pastat\u0117 sau r\u016bmus kaip asmenin\u0119 rezidencij\u0105. Jo iniciatyva Pastovyje buvo \u012fsteigtos manufakt\u016bros ir amatinink\u0173 dirbtuv\u0117s, o 1780 metais buvo atidaryta vidurin\u0117 mokykla, pavaldi Vilniaus pagrindinei mokyklai. Po dviej\u0173 met\u0173 \u010dia i\u0161 Gardino buvo perkelta teatro mokykla. Valdant Antanui Tyzenhauzui, kuris \u201eskurd\u0173 medin\u012f miestel\u012f pavert\u0117 gra\u017eiu akmeniniu miestu\u201c, ital\u0173 architektas D\u017euzep\u0117 de Sakas (Giuseppe de Sacco) suk\u016br\u0117 miesto centr\u0105 aplink turg\u0173: \u010dia buvo pastatyti m\u016briniai namai su amatinink\u0173 dirbtuv\u0117mis, prekyviet\u0117mis ir teism\u0173 pastatais. Did\u017ei\u0105ja dalimi \u0161is ansamblis i\u0161liko, nors prekyviet\u0117s aik\u0161t\u0117s centre 1940 metais buvo nugriautos.<\/p>\r\n<p>Pastovio klest\u0117jo ir valdant Konstantinui Tyzenhauzui (1785\u20131853), kuris gyveno jo paties perstatytuose Pastovio r\u016bmuose (r\u016bm\u0173 i\u0161vaizda i\u0161liko iki m\u016bs\u0173 dien\u0173). Konstantinas Tyzenhauzas buvo garsus mokslininkas, Europos masto ornitologas, didel\u0119 r\u016bm\u0173 dal\u012f jis paaukojo ornitologijos muziejui \u012fsteigti (jam mirus ornitologin\u0117 kolekcija buvo perduota Vilniaus archeologijos komisijai, did\u017eioji jos dalis teb\u0117ra saugoma Vilniaus universitete). Taip pat \u010dia buvo \u012fkurta garsioji meno galerija, kurioje, remiantis 1840 met\u0173 sura\u0161ymu, buvo Leonardo da Vin\u010dio, Paolo Veronez\u0117s, Piterio Pauliaus Rubenso, Piterio Breigelio, Albrechto Diurerio darbai. V\u0117liau galerijos kolekcija buvo i\u0161sklaidyta, dalis paveiksl\u0173 buvo nugabenti \u012f Roki\u0161kio r\u016bmus (kai kurie darbai pateko \u012f Kauno dail\u0117s galerijos kolekcij\u0105), dalis \u012f P\u0161esdecki\u0173 r\u016bmus Var\u0161uvoje (kurie buvo sudeginti Antrojo pasaulinio karo metais), dalis \u012f Kijev\u0105 1915\u00a0m. evakuacijos metu (dauguma \u0161i\u0173 k\u016brini\u0173 taip pat dingo).<\/p>\r\n<p>\u0160iuo metu r\u016bmuose \u012fsik\u016brusi miesto ligonin\u0117s administracija, ta\u010diau r\u016bsyje veikia regioninio kra\u0161totyros muziejaus ekspozicija, pasakojanti apie Pastovio kult\u016brin\u012f klest\u0117jim\u0105 Antano ir Konstantino Tyzenhauz\u0173 valdymo laikais. \u0160alia r\u016bm\u0173 pastatyti paminklai abiem i\u0161kiliems veik\u0117jams.<\/p>\r\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;60px&#8221;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;][vc_masonry_media_grid element_width=&#8221;12&#8243; grid_id=&#8221;vc_gid:1636931567599-e977e394-c3ae-0&#8243; include=&#8221;2773,2776,2779&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;60px&#8221;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text] Vieta:\u201eStepono Batoro traktu. Pastovys ant kult\u016br\u0173 ribos\u201c \u2013 taip savo knyg\u0105 apie miesto istorij\u0105 pavadino kra\u0161totyrininkas Josif Zem\u010denok. I\u0161 ties\u0173, miesto pl\u0117trai didel\u0117s \u012ftakos tur\u0117jo jo vieta sausumos kelyje i\u0161 Vilniaus \u012f Polock\u0105, kuris buvo strategi\u0161kai svarbus karaliaus Stepono Batoro kariniams \u017eygiams. Karini\u0173 operacij\u0173 apra\u0161ymas taip pat leid\u017eia mums \u012f\u017evelgti, kaip \u017emon\u0117s ir&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2782,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[65],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/skaryna.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4466"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/skaryna.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/skaryna.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skaryna.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skaryna.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4466"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/skaryna.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4466\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4579,"href":"https:\/\/skaryna.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4466\/revisions\/4579"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skaryna.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2782"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/skaryna.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4466"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skaryna.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4466"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skaryna.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4466"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}